Scientists theorize that chemotherapy given to people with cancer or other illness, followed by a transplant with stem cells that carry the CCR5Δ32 mutation, can change the immune system to make it resistant to HIV. HIV uses these co-receptors to infect T cells. The CCR5Δ32 genetic mutation results in T cells that are missing CCR5 co-receptors. The study began in 2015 and has been conducted by the International Maternal Pediatric Adolescent AIDS Clinical Trials (IMPAACT) Network, in collaboration with the Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research (CIBMTR), StemCyte, and the AIDS Clinical Trials Group (ACTG). who undergo transplantation with CCR5Δ32 cord blood stem cells for treatment of cancer or other illness. IMPAACT P1107 is an observational study of persons living with HIV in the U.S. This third case, reported from IMPAACT P1107 in a woman of mixed race, suggests that CCR5Δ32 cord stem cell transplantation should be considered to achieve HIV remission for people living with HIV who require such a transplant for another illness. The “London patient” (a Latino male) has been in HIV remission for more than 30 months. The first, known as the “Berlin patient” (a Caucasian male), experienced HIV remission for 12 years and was deemed cured of HIV. HIV remission resulting from a stem cell transplant had been previously observed in two cases. Based on these results, the participant has been deemed in HIV remission. With the exception of transient detection of trace levels of HIV-1 DNA in blood cells 14 weeks after stopping ART, no HIV has been detected for 14 months. In 2017, she received a transplant of cord blood stem cells supplemented with adult donor cells from a relative.Īfter receiving the stem cell transplant, she engrafted with 100 per cent cord blood cells at day 100 and had no detectable HIV, the researchers said.Īt 37 months post-transplant, the patient ceased ART, they said.Īccording to the study team, no HIV was detected in the participant for 14 months except for a transient detection of trace levels of HIV DNA in the woman’s blood cells at 14 weeks after stopping ART.The participant’s HIV infection was well-controlled on antiretroviral therapy (ART) prior to the stem cell transplant and through 37 months post-transplant, at which time she stopped ART. Prior to receiving the stem cell transplant, the participant’s HIV was well-controlled but detectable. She achieved acute myeloid leukemia remission after chemotherapy. The case described at the meeting involves a woman of mixed race ancestry who had been on ART for HIV infection for four years at the time of her acute myeloid leukemia diagnosis. The IMPAACT P1107 study began in 2015 and was designed to describe the outcomes of up to 25 participants living with HIV. An HIV-positive woman who received a blood stem cell transplant to treat acute myeloid leukemia appears to have been cured of HIV. The research was conducted by the International Maternal Pediatric Adolescent AIDS Clinical Trial Network (IMPAACT) P1107 observational study led by researchers at the University of California Los Angeles, and Johns Hopkins University. This third case suggests that cord stem cell transplantation should be considered to achieve HIV remission and cure for people living with HIV who require such a transplant for other diseases, the study team said in the statement. He died of leukemia in September 2020.Ī Latino male called the “London patient” has been in HIV remission for more than 30 months. The first, a Caucasian male known as the “Berlin patient”, experienced HIV remission for 12 years and was deemed cured of HIV. HIV remission resulting from a stem cell transplant had been previously observed in two cases. In case you needed even more proof that science is amazing, a woman just became the third patient to be potentially cured of HIV after undergoing a stem cell transplant. This is the third known case of HIV remission in an individual who received a stem cell transplant, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) said in statement. Stem cells have the unique ability to develop into specialised cell types in the body. In a presentation at Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections (CROI) in the US on Tuesday, the researchers reported that the woman has had no detectable levels of HIV for 14 months despite cessation of antiretroviral therapy (ART). A leukaemia patient in the US has become the first woman and the third person to be cured of HIV, the virus that causes AIDS, after receiving a stem cell transplant, according to researchers.
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